Footnote 70
Supp. Prop., §44. Sections 44 and 45 are
from MS. Digby 72. This long explanation of the method of finding
a planet's place depends upon the tables which were constructed for that
purpose from observation. The general idea is this. The figures
shewing a planet's position for the last day of December, 1397, give what
is called the root, and afford us, in fact, a starting-point
from which to measure. An `argument' is the angle upon which the
tabulated quantity depends; for example, a very important `argument' is
the planet's longitude, upon which its declination may be
made to depend, so as to admit of tabulation. The planet's longitude
for the given above-mentioned date being taken as the root, the
planet's longitude at a second date can be found from the tables.
If this second date be less than 20 years afterwards, the increase of motion
is set down separately for each year, viz. so much in 1 year, so much in
2 years, and so on. These separate years are called anni expansi.
But when the increase during a large round number of years (such as 20,
40, or 60 years at once) is allowed for, such years are called anni
collecti. For example, a period of 27 years includes 20 years
taken together, and 7 separate or expanse years. The
mean motion during smaller periods of time, such as months, days, and hours,
is added in afterwards.