Practice Questions - Petroleum

1. What is the volume of 10 kg of octane if its density is 0.7 g/mL?
(A) 70 mL
(B) 140 mL
(C) 1400 L
(D) 14,000 L

2. Which best describes hydrocarbons?
(A) flammable ionic compounds that are insoluble in water and are more dense than water
(B) nonflammable ionic compounds that are soluble in water and are less dense than water
(C) flammable covalent compounds that are insoluble in water and are less dense than water
(D) flammable covalent compounds that are insoluble in water and are more dense than water

3. Which of these hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
(A) C₄H₁₀
(B) C₆H₁₂
(C) CH₄
(D) C₇H₁₆

4. The number of atoms in the compound CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₂OH (1-hexanol) is
(A) 8
(B) 11
(C) 21
(D) 25
(E) none of the above

5. The general formula for alkane hydrocarbons is C_nH_2n+2 and C_nH_2n is the general formula for another group of hydrocarbons. Which one?
(A) alkanes
(B) alkenes
(C) aromatics
(D) napthenes

6. Usually when bonds are broken,
(A) energy is given off
(B) the process is termed isometric
(C) energy is absorbed
(D) the process is exothermic

7. The properties of hydrocarbons depend on the number and arrangement of the carbon and hydrogen atoms in their molecules. Which pair of hydrocarbons is most likely to exhibit similar properties?
(A) acetylene and heptane
(B) acetylene and butane
(C) nonane and octane
(D) hexane and benzene
(E) butane and buckminsterfullerene

8. As styrene is polymerized into polystyrene,
(A) the different molecules in a mixture become separated into fractions
(B) larger molecules break apart to form smaller ones
(C) the atoms in molecules are rearranged to produce isomers
(D) smaller molecules combine to form larger ones.
(E) all of the above

9. Define "Ionic Bond"
(A) James Bond's Greek Half-Brother
(B) A chemical bond in which electrons are exchanged but not shared
(C) What Athens used to finance its navy during the Peloponnesian Wars

10. Which of the following statements about MTBE is FALSE?
(A) It is an ether.
(B) It is used as a mild anesthetic in pediatric surgery.
(C) It is added to gasoline to prevent engine knocking.
(D) It is moderately soluble in water.
(E) In some areas of the country, drinking water contaminated with MTBE is a serious public health concern.

11. Chemical compounds can be represented by formulas but mixtures cannot. Which substance, obtained from petroleum, is an example of a mixture rather than a pure compound?
(A) turpentine
(B) acetone
(C) butane
(D) acetylene
(E) octane

12. What is the three-dimensional shape created by hybrid orbitals that are formed when a carbon atom is covalently bonded with four other atoms?
(A) a flat sheet with carbon in the center
(B) a triangle with carbon in the center
(C) a cube with carbon in the center
(D) a tetrahedron with carbon in the center
(E) All of the above are possible.

C₁₀H₁₂O₄S + O₂ ------> CO₂ + SO₂ + H₂O

13. When the equation above is balanced and all coefficients are reduced to their lowest whole - number terms, the coefficient for O₂ is
(A) 6
(B) 7
(C) 12
(D) 14
(E) 22

14. How many carbon-carbon bonds are in a molecule of isobutane?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5

15. Which molecule can exist as geometric isomers?
(A) CHF=CHF
(B) F₂C=CCl₂
(C) CH₂F-CHF₂
(D) CF₃-CH₃

16. Fractional distillation is based on the fact that substances found in crude oil
(A) have different boiling points
(B) are used in making petrochemicals
(C) burn in oxygen
(D) are less dense than water

17. All of these are aromatic compounds except
(A) hexene, C₆H₁₂
(B) toluene, C₆H₅CH₃
(C) p-dichlorobenzene,C₆H₄Cl₂
(D) naphthalene, C₁₀H₈

18. Why are there so many different kinds of hydrocarbon molecules?
(A) Carbon atoms are much larger than hydrogen atoms, allowing for many different arrangements.
(B) Carbon atoms can readily bond to each other in different ways.
(C) Carbon atoms are found in all organic compounds.
(D) Carbon atoms form tetrahedral-shaped methane molecules.

19. A molecule constructed from ___ must contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
(A) 6 hydrogen, 2 carbon
(B) 6 hydrogen, 2 carbon, 1 oxygen
(C) 14 hydrogen, 12 carbon
(D) 8 hydrogen, 3 carbon, 3 oxygen
(E) 6 hydrogen, 3 carbon

20. Select the hydrocarbon from the following choices.
(A) H₂CO₃
(B) CCl₂F₂
(C)C₆H₁₂O₆
(D) C₃H₈
(E) CO₂

21. Freon, CCl₂F₂, is ____ because ______.
(A) a geometric isomer . . . free rotation about the bond axis is not possible
(B) a structural isomer . . . there are several possible covalent arrangements
(C) an enantiomer . . . the carbon is asymmetric
(D) an enantiomer . . . the molecule exists in two mirror-image configurations
(E) not an isomer . . . there is only one structural configuration for the molecule

22. Ethanol, propanol, and methanol are three simple alcohols. They can be grouped together because they
(A) all contain a carbon - oxygen double bond
(B) are soluble in water.
(C) all share the same functional group
(D) are soluble in nonpolar solvents.
(E) increase the acidity of solutions.

23. A molecule has one carbon-carbon double bond and four different monovalent atoms or groups. How many different geometric isomers exist for this molecule?
(A) 0
(B) 8
(C) 4
(D) 2
(E) 6

24. The carbon atom is tetravalent; this means that
(A) carbon readily forms ionic bonds.
(B) a carbon atom can complete its valence shell by forming four covalent bonds.
(C) the bond angle between each bond is 90 degrees, forming an arrangement like the points on a compass.
(D) carbon's first electron shell holds four electrons.
(E) carbon has a total of four electrons.

25. Which is not a characteristic of alkenes?
(A) contain C=C
(B) general formula C_nH_2n-2
(C) unsaturated
(D) some isomers are cis and trans

26. Which is the acid in vinegar?
(A) acetic acid
(B) citric acid
(C) muriatic acid
(D) ascorbic acid
(E) lactic acid

27. Rubbing alcohol is
(A) methanol
(B) 2-propanol
(C) ethanol
(D) l-propanol
(E) acetone

28. Which of the following holds atoms together in a molecule?
(A) transfer of protons from one atom to another
(B) hydrogen bonds between atoms
(C) sharing of electrons between atoms
(D) sharing of protons between atoms
(E) loss of neutrons by atoms

29. Which molecule contains only single bonds?
(A) hexene
(B) ethylene
(C) acetic acid
(D) methyl ethyl ketone
(E) butane

30. Burning of one gram of ethanol C₂H₅OH releases 29.7kJ. How much energy is released by burning a mole of ethanol?
(A) 46 kJ
(B) 1366 kJ
(C) 2800 kJ
(D) 297 kJ
(E) 29.7 kJ


ANSWERS

1-D 2-C 3-B 4-C 5-B 6-C 7-C 8-D 9-B 10-B 11-A 12-D 13-C 14-B 15-A 16-A 17-A 18-B 19-C 20-D 21-E 22-C 23-E 24-B 25-B 26-A 27-B 28-C 29-E 30-B