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Capt. Joseph Robbins
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Capt. Joseph Robbins
Capt. Joseph Robbins
1728/9 - 1800
April 19 1775 the trip back from the Concord Fight
or Acton's East Company
Capt. Joseph Robbins
By Isabelle V. Choate and Elizabeth S. Conant
The Other Robbins Papers: a presentation to the Acton Historical Society,
concerning the 18th and 19th century papers donated to the
Society by Joyce Robbins May 16th, 1998 pages 2, 3, 12 & 14
Who were these Robbins? The first to live in Acton was probably Nathan who died in 1764 in his 60thyear. In 1731 Nathan was a blacksmith, according to a deed written when he bought land from the Bloods. Later he was called a husbandman and in 1750 he was called a yeoman. He had the Concord Road land as well as land he had bought from Samuel and James Blood which they had drawn in the First division of Concord Village. He also owned some land in South Acton near Triangle Hall Brook and in West Acton near Elbow Meadow. He was married to Dorothy Barker of Concord and they had eleven children. The child who interests us tonight, who was given the Concord Road house and lands during his father's lifetime, was Joseph Robbins, Captain Joseph Robbins (1728-1800.)
What did these Robbins look like? We have two physical descriptions of Captain Joseph. One was in an 1895 newspaper article. It claimed that Capt. Robbins was six foot six in height in his stockings and was thought to have weighed about 250 pounds, and had "a voice which could be heard a mile distant." The other description claimed that he was a great strong man and well proportioned although he weighed 300 pounds. And it was this man who, at the age of 46, was willed his father Nathan's wearing apparel. Incidentally in that will of Nathan Robbins, Nathan "made his mark." He either couldn't write or he was in no condition to write. As you can note in the collected papers, his son Joseph could write. What he couldn't do was spell.
Joseph Robbins was a captain in the militia. James Fletcher wrote, "It is a tradition" that Capt. Robbins led a company at the end of French and Indian War (1763.) Apparently neither Fletcher nor, later, Harold Phalen could prove it. But Robbins was obviously a respected captain for some of the most exciting papers in the Robbins papers are the sign-up sheets of Acton's minutemen of September 29, 1774.
"We whose Names are Underwritten thinking our Selves ignorant in the Military Art and Willing to be Instructed met last Teusday and made choice of Mr. Joseph Robbins as our Capt. and Mr. Israel Heald Lieut and Mr. Robert Chaffin Insign
In 1788 Joseph Robbins bought 12 acres of land (part of the forge lot and part of a First Division lot) from John Barker. This land was on Nashoba Brook. On Concord Road, across from what today is called Icehouse Pond, he built a sawmill, we don't know if he had worked in a sawmill before, but we do know that he had in his possession a marvelous form for Deal, Planks, Boards, and Timber to be shipped. It was for lumber "truly and bona fide of the growth and produce of his Majesty's Plantation in North America. " Robbins may have had it because he had been a constable or he may have had it because he had run a sawmill before the Revolution. The most charming thing about this form was the "majesty" involved. To put the date on the form, one was to specify which year in the reign of "our Sovereign Lord George the Third, King of Great-Britain, France, and Ireland, and so forth. We wonder if France was aware of this.
We hit the jackpot again by discovering an account book for the Robbins' sawmill. It is titled Book 2 and begins in 1796. Reading what wood was planed and how it was treated, one can learn who is building in Acton. The book is a veritable census of Actonians (some Concordians as well.) One also learns who was and who wasn't quick about paying bills. Some of Acton's better-known figures took up to five years to clear their slates. The mill would remain in the Robbins family for generations, going from Joseph to John in 1800, from John to his son Elbridge in 1836. In 1881 Elbridge Robbins sold it to Daniel J. Wetherbee. It was taken down in the early 1900s. Arthur Davis sketched it before it was razed, and the Society has his sketches.
The 1800 inventory of the Captain's estate is fascinating. Velvet jackets et al. His pew in the meetinghouse was valued at 12 pounds! We have also recently been given a copy of his will. He left his beloved wife Ruth one third of his improved lands and personal estate. His son John was given the whole of his home farm, the Cragin land so- called, his meadow near Moses Richardson... all of these in Acton. John also was given Joseph's pasture in Mason) New Hampshire) two thirds of the Captains personal estate, and the whole of his pew in the Meetinghouse in Acton. This last testament goes on to say "having given my son Joseph Robbins deceased, two hundred & eighty pound lawful money in lands and buildings, (this probably means the property at Harris and Great Roads) and having in my hand thirty pounds lawful money in notes against the estate of said Joseph) my will is that said notes be never demanded by my Executor.') The will continued “I give to my grandson Joseph Robbins, son of the said Joseph deceased, the Blanchard place so called and my woodlot containing 40 acres in the northerly part of Acton, plus the Blood lot adjoining provided that he serve my wife until he be twenty-one years of age and provided he shall pay 8 pounds lawful money to each of his brothers and sisters." Capt. Robbins also left his granddaughter Elizabeth Gates three pounds and left William Reed "the boy who now lives with me" six pounds upon his reaching the age of 21. John Robbins was to be sole executor.
Money was obviously still figured two ways. Capt. Joseph's inventory of 1800 was denominated in pounds, but the sawmill book of 1796 was in dollars and cents. Of course the dollar's decimal system is much easier to add or subtract. We wondered what the official coinage was. There was a paper to answer that question too. It was tax number 13, from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, sent by the treasurer Thomas Davis, Esquire, to the Selectmen or Assessors of the Town of Acton. It was sent out the 14th day of July 1796 and was to be paid before December 1st. Acton was charged a total of $285.06. $228.06 of that amount was Acton's share of the $133,394.85 needed to run the Commonwealth. The extra $57 was for Acton's share in the $20,899.50 provided by the Public Treasury to reimburse Members of the House of Representatives for their attendance at the last two Sessions
Descendants of Capt. Joseph Robbins
Generation No. 1
1. CAPT. JOSEPH4 ROBBINS (NATHAN3, GEORGE2, GEORGE1) was born February 08, 1728/29 in Concord, Middlesex, MA., and died March 31, 1800 in Acton, Middlesex, MA.. He married RUTH BACON April 18, 1751 in Bedford, Middlsex, MA., daughter of JOSEPH BACON and REBECCA TAYLOR. She was born November 21, 1725 in Concord, Middlesex, MA., and died June 04, 1816 in Acton, Middlesex, MA..
Notes for CAPT. JOSEPH ROBBINS:
Encyclopedia of American Biography
ROBBINS JOSEPH patriot revolutionary soldier, was born Feb. 22, 1729, in Acton, Mass. He commanded a company of yeomanry in the first fight with the British at the old North Bridge at Concord, April 19, 1775, in response to the call of Paul Revere. On patriot's day, 1895, the citizens of Acton, Concord and Lexington set up a large memorial stone on the place where once stood the home of Capt. Joseph Robbins. He died March 31, 1800.
Land records referred to Joseph as a trader and gentleman.3 On 19 April 1775, Capt. Joseph Robbins commanded a company of Acton militia at Concord Bridge. Joseph and Ruth were the parents of eight children,recorded at Acton. In his 1797 will, Joseph named his wife Ruth, son John (their only child still living in 1797), and several grandchildren.John was to have the home farm, other real estate in Acton, his father's pew in the Acton meeting house, and Capt. Joseph's "pasture in the town of Mason, N.H."
Captain Joseph Robbins is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA. His gravestone states
"SACRED To the memory of Cap Joseph Robbins who died
with a cancer March 31, 1800 Aged 71 years." It is followed by a poem:
"Let worms devour my wasting flesh, And crumble all my bones to dust,
My God shall raise my frame anew, At the revival of the just."
After the alarm carried by the three reached Lexington, then Concord, messengers fanned through the countryside warning the scattered farmers that the British were on the march. An unknown rider, perhaps Prescott himself, arrived at the home of Captain Joseph Robbins, leader of one of Acton's two troops of militia--soldiers supposedly under allegiance to the king, although that had ceased to be the case.
The messenger did not dismount, but banged on the corner of the house, shouting "Captain Robbins! Captain Robbins! Up! Up! The regulars have come to Concord! Rendezvous at old North Bridge quick as possible! Alarm Acton!" Aroused from his bed, Robbins fired three shots with his musket to warn the town. Then he sent his 13-year-old son John to alert Isaac Davis and others. When he received the news, Davis sent word that he would leave for Concord as soon as thirty men had mustered in his yard."
More About CAPT. JOSEPH ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
Minuteman: September 29, 1774, Acton, Middlesex, MA.
More About RUTH BACON:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
More About JOSEPH ROBBINS and RUTH BACON:
Marriage: April 18, 1751, Bedford, Middlsex, MA.
Children of JOSEPH ROBBINS and RUTH BACON are:
i. CAPT. JOSEPH5 ROBBINS, b. November 09, 1752, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. July 05, 1791, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. (1) ELIZABETH MOORE, January 16, 1775, Sudbury, Middlesex, MA.; b. June 30, 1756; d. February 09, 1776, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. (2) REBECCA DANSMORE, December 10, 1777, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. 1756; d. Aft. 1798.
More About CAPT. JOSEPH ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
Minuteman: September 27, 1774, Acton, Middlesex, MA.
More About ELIZABETH MOORE:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
More About JOSEPH ROBBINS and ELIZABETH MOORE:
Marriage: January 16, 1775, Sudbury, Middlesex, MA.
More About JOSEPH ROBBINS and REBECCA DANSMORE:
Marriage: December 10, 1777, Acton, Middlesex, MA.
ii. AMOS ROBBINS, b. December 05, 1754, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. December 23, 1754, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
More About AMOS ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
iii. RUTH ROBBINS, b. September 16, 1756, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. October 17, 1756, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
More About RUTH ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
iv. LUCY ROBBINS, b. November 02, 1760, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. January 05, 1784, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
More About LUCY ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
v. JOHN ROBBINS, b. April 19, 1762, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. July 24, 1836, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. SARAH JONES, December 15, 1791, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. September 08, 1768, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. November 10, 1839, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
Notes for JOHN ROBBINS:
Lottery House
More About JOHN ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
Notes for SARAH JONES:
Sally Jones
More About SARAH JONES:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
More About JOHN ROBBINS and SARAH JONES:
Marriage: December 15, 1791, Acton, Middlesex, MA.
vi. MOLLEY ROBBINS, b. August 13, 1763, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. November 10, 1763, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
More About MOLLEY ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
vii. REBECCA ROBBINS, b. May 11, 1765, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. August 17, 1787, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
More About REBECCA ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
viii. NATHAN ROBBINS, b. July 17, 1767, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. July 17, 1767, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
More About NATHAN ROBBINS:
Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Acton, MA.
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