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Dea. Mark White
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Dea. Mark White
Dea. Mark White
1716- 1798
Mark White of Acton, MA., A Unsuccessful Search of His Ancestry
Dea. Mark White
by Margaret McEuen
Mark was b. 12 Apr 1716 in Charlestown, MA , the second child of Ensign Mark & Elizabeth (Mousall) White. The family moved to Concord three years later with his older brother and two younger sisters. Two more sons and two more daughters were born to the family in Concord. In 1732, his parents bought land in that part of Concord that become Acton in 1735. Mark married twice: first to Anna Chamberlain and second to Mrs. Mary Reed. Mark Jr. and Anna had ten children: six boys and four girls, but only 3 sons and 3 daughters lived to become adults. Mark and Mary had 8 children: 4 sons and 4 daughters. Several moved to Cavendish, VT. Mark was a cooper according to the land records and was also an innkeeper in Acton, MA for a few years at the White Tavern. The site is along The Great Rd. between Acton and Groton and near Lake Nagog. Mark was a soldier on the 1757 Westford Alarm List during the French and Indian Wars and served under Capt. Samuel Davis. He also turned out on 19 Apr 1775 with the Minute Men in Acton. He was Representative to the General Court from Acton in June 1776 and received instructions "to give them the strongest assurance, that if they should declare America to be a free and independent republic, your constituents will support and defend the measure with their lives and their fortunes." [Shattuck-History of Concord] He died in Westford, MA on 24 Jul 1798 and is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in Acton. He had been a deacon in the Baptist Church according to Shattuck's History.
MARK WHITE, (1690-1758) OF ACTON, MASS.
An Unsuccessful Search for His Ancestry
National Genealogical Society Quarterly
Volume 61 December 1973 Number 4
By ROBERT M. SHERMAN, C.G. AND RUTH W. SHERMAN, C.A.L.S.*
128 Massasoit Drive, Warwick, Rhode Island 02888. Mr. and Mrs. Sherman are compilers of Marshfield Vital Records to 1850.They are now transcribing Yarmouth, Mass., vital records and researching the Henry Samson family for the Mayflower Society five-generations project. Mr. Sherman is a college science professor; Mrs. Sherman is Secretary General and Editor of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants.
Since the late 1800's, descendants of Mark White have claimed that he was a son of Peregrine3 and Susanna White and thus a descendant of the Mayflower Pilgrim William White. In our study of the Whites for the Mayflower Society five-generations project1 we failed either to confirm or to disprove the link between Mark and Peregrine. This article is intended to preserve the research that has been completed.
PEREGRINE WHITE
Public records provide the following basic facts about Peregrine' White. He was born probably at Marshfield, Mass., in about 1660, youngest son of Peregrine and Susanna (Bassett) White and is named in his father's June 1704 will. He died at Boston. Mass., 20 November 1727, aged 66 years. The birth of Benoni, son of Peregrine and Susanna White, was recorded at Weymouth, Mass., 26 January 1685 (his only recorded child). Mary, wife of Peregrine White, was witness at an inquest 9 June 1696. By his will dated 27 October 1727 Peregrine White of Boston devised all his property to his wife Mary (appointed executrix) and her heirs. On 27 January 1728/9 Mary Judevine, ate widow of Peregrine White, sold land, reserving a small piece which she subsequently sold in 1755. There are also many land transactions, which chronicle the rise and fall of Peregrine's fortunes.
MARK WHITE
Various Massachusetts town records and Wyman's Charlestown provide the following basic data about Mark White. He was born in about 1690 (calculated from his age at death). He married at Charlestown 13 November 1712 to Elizabeth Mousall. She was born there 16 March 1693, daughter of John, Jr., and Dorothy (Hett) Mousall. They had children John, Mark and Elizabeth born at Charlestown in the period 1714-1717, and children Mary, Thomas, Anne, Samuel, and Dorothy born at Concord 1719~1731. Mark White died at Acton 5 October 1758, in 69th year. Elizabeth White, widow of Mark, died there 23 May 1765, in 73rd year.
THE SO-CALLED EVIDENCE
The claim of descent through Mart White was presented to the General Society of Mayflower Descendants in the early 1930s and was referred to a special committee of Society State Historians (i.e., genealogists). The committee reported: "Through a process of elimination and a formidable record of family tradition we are asked to approve a claim of decent. ...The proof by elimination we consider ...liable to be refuted by later discoveries. The matter of family tradition we consider to be the most important point. ..and we [recommend] ...refusing to accept it as proof." Despite the negative report the Society subsequently accepted the line.
When, five years ago, we commenced our hunt for Mark White's ancestry, we were ignorant of the evidence, which led to acceptance of the line. The documents had been consumed by a fire in Society offices in 1946. Duplicates of all the original documents have only recently been discovered of the five arguments for acceptance, four would have been scorned by the original committee, and none would satisfy today's professional genealogists. Abstracts of the five arguments follow with our comments in brackets.
1. Chapter 9 of the White genealogy, by T. and S. White include the statement that Mark White was the son of Peregrine White, Jr. The chapter was prepared by Mrs. Harriet E. Osgood (1840 -1908). 6 A careful checking of this chapter with other authorities falls to show any errors. (This is a specious argument. Several errors in the chapter were subsequently corrected by Mrs. Barclay.)
2. Mr. Clarence A. Torrey, one of the foremost New England genealogist and an authority on early New England marriages, finds that Mark White cannot be placed anywhere except as the son of Peregrine White. Jr. (The surname White was the twelfth most common surname in the United State in 1790. Apparently no consideration was given to the possibility that he could have been an immigrant.)
3. Mark White dose not fit into Resolved White's family, members of which were in Concord where Mark lived the largest part of his married life. (Other White families not descended from Pilgrim William were in Concord at that time. Why must Mark White fit into a resident family?)
4. Mrs. Osgood's father was born in 1817 and died in 1907. His grandfather Daniel White (1760-1841) was 38 years old when his grandfather Mark White, Jr., died in 1798. All of these and their ancestors back to Mark and Peregrine, Jr., were residents of Concord or Acton (which was part of Concord) (This is hearsay to at least the third degree.)
5. Mark White is an unusual name. There is no evidence that there was another contemporary Mark White in Massachusetts. So there is no chance that he could be confused with another man of the same name. (This is quite immaterial.)
The strongest evidence to which the committee reacted consisted of the affidavits of thirteen persons claiming that their family tradition linked Mark to Peregrine. A typical affidavit is that of Emma E. White of Boston, age 71, dated 12 April 1930. She clearly remembers, "Hearing my father Luther Billings White [19 years old when hi& grandfather died] ten me of his having heard his grandfather Daniel White ten him that he believed Ensign Mark White of Acton was the son of Peregrine White, Jr. ...Daniel was 38 years old when his father Mark, Jr., died." A diagram accompanying the affidavits showed the interrelationships of the thirteen.5 these affidavits are hearsay evidence at best. As one professional genealogist wrote recently, "The day of accepting tradition in lineage and genealogical matters had its sunset long ago."
SEEKING CONFIRMATION
Not having the above arguments available when we started our research, we assumed that some contemporary document had confirmed the claimed link between Mark and Peregrine, and we were determined to rediscover that proof. We combed all Massachusetts probate, land, court, and other records of Mark for stated or implied relationships to Peregrine. We found none. Dr. Claude W. Barlow, F.A.S.G., located a series of Middlesex County deeds for Mark. These pertained to settlement of his wife's inheritance but showed nothing about Mark except his places of residence at various times.
He lived at Charleston from his marriage in 1712 until Apri11719 when a Concord warning out says that he and his family "came last from Charles- town in ye month of Apri11ast and who is at a house belonging to ye widow Butterick." He was at Concord until sometime between 25 April and 25 May 1732 when he went to Westford. There is no indication that he owned any land in his own right until 14 February 1733/34 when Mark White of Westford, husbandman, paid £.91/10 to Thomas Wheeler, Jr., of Concord, yeoman, for 30 1/2 acres in the northern part of Concord, lying in Concord Village or the New 2 Grant in the 100 acres lot number 21, with allowance of 4 acres for a highway. 11 This property was in that part of Concord, which on 3 July 1735 became the town of Acton, where he spent the rest of his life.
While it is possible that Mark failed to record an the land that he owned, his other records were well kept and it would appear that he was not very prosperous during the first twenty years of his marriage. However, he must have accumulated something, for his wife's inheritance was never as great as the £ 91, which he was able to pay in 1734, and by 1740 he was investing £ 100 in the Land Bank. Shortly thereafter he claimed the title of Gentleman.
The other Middlesex County deeds (abstracted by Dr. Barlow) show that during the years 1735-1747 Mark bought a total of 88 acres in Acton and sold 41 acres.12 There are no deeds indexed in such a manner as to indicate a settlement of his or his widow's estate. It appears that he helped his son Mark, Jr., to buy land as early as 1737, deeded his home place to son Thomas in 1747, and bought other land from Mark, Jr., on which to settle. Finally, on 24 February 1758. Mark White of Acton. Gentleman, with dower release from wife Elizabeth, sold to [son] Samuel White of Acton, cooper, 33 acres in Acton with dwelling house, barn, and cooper's shop thereon, plus 22 acres near the Acton meeting house, "and the whole of my personal estate." Although not stated, the intent of this last deed was to assure that son Samuel would care for his parents as long as they lived, after which the place would be his. Samuel lived up to this bargain remaining unmarried until the month after his mother's death, by which time he was almost 40 years old. These property arrangements account for the lack of probate records for Mark and his widow Elizabeth.
Surnames common to these records of Mark and to the Pilgrim White family were carefully checked. No hint of any relationship was found. Accepting his sons no other Whites are found associated with any deed involving Mark, either as grantees, grantors, witnesses, or adjoining property owners. It was noted that Mark, Jr., bought land from Thomas Wheeler, Jr., of Concord in 1737, and that Peregrine, Jr., bought land from Obadiah Wheeler. Jr., in 1710.15 But the Wheeler Family provided no reason for believing that there was a connection between Mark and Peregrine by this remote route.l6
PEREGRINE'S WIFE
Because Mark was claimed to be a son of Peregrine's wife Susanna, we made an effort to identify her. The birth of their son Benoni being recorded in Weymouth, we speculated that she might be native to that place. The town records, which might have contained their marriage, are missing, but the birth records are preserved for the period during which Susanna might have been born. During that time the births of only four Susanna are recorded at Weymouth: 1659 to Samuel and Experience King, 1665 to John and Deliverance Porter, 1667 to Nicholas and Hannah Whitmarsh, and 1669 to James and Anna Stewart. The 1711 will of Samuel King includes his daughter still living at a time when Peregrine had already taken a wife Mary. The 1715-1716 will of John Porter names his daughter Susanna, wife of Matthew Pratt.18 Two of the Susanna are therefore eliminated from further consideration. There are no Suffolk County probate records for the parents of Susanna Whitmarsh or Susannah Stewart (Stuart/Stoard). Susanna Whitmarsh is not followed in the Whitmarsh Genealogy or in "Weymouth Families," and there were no Stewart genealogies found naming Susanna. We did not fuel that the matter warranted additional research to determine if either Susanna could be wife to Peregrine, Jr.
OTHER POSSIBLE ORIGINS
We considered the definitive articles by G. Andrews Moriarty, F.A.S.G., 20 and Mrs. John E. Barclay, F.A.S.G., 2 on the Pilgrim White family. When questioned about her research, the latter expressed the opinion that Mark was "the emigrant of his line and that anyone who wanted proof of his ancestry would have to seek it in England."
Thus having exhausted sources which might prove Peregrine, Jr., to be Mark's father, we sought other parentage for him. We first followed Mrs. Barclay's advice to look for records of Mark in the area of Haltley (Haltlliffe) Bridge where sons of this given name were baptized in 1685 and 1688 and from which came several emigrants to Boston. Examination of wills of Whites living in this area failed to reveal any mention of a Mark White.
Because the given name Mark does not appear in any White family in New England prior to the 1712 marriage at Charlestown, we investigated one Mark White who shipped to Virginia in 163S.2S No further information about this settler or his descendants was found in Virginia sources. 24
As a last resort, after all the White families of Charleston were studied, we scanned the probate records of contemporary Whites in the Boston area (Middlesex and Suffolk Counties). We found no clue to suggest that Mark was related to any of them.
CONCLUSIONS
By leaving his enti1"e estate to his wife Mary and her heirs and by naming her 89 sole executrix, Peregrine White effectively ignored or denied having any descendants.2 He had no recorded dealings with Mark White. We did not find any direct or indirect contemporary link between Mark and Peregrine. Not unti11896, one year after publication of the White genealogy alleging Mark's Pilgrim ancestry did any descendant of Mark bestow the rare Peregrine name upon a child.26
We could not place Mark in any other New England or Virginia White family. Although we failed to establish his parentage in England, we conclude that Mark was probably an immigrant unrelated to Whites preceding him in New England.
All of the above evidence findings, and arguments were submitted by the Mayflower Society to three Fellows of the American Society of Genealogists in 1973.27 Independently of one another, they agreed unanimously that no proof has been submitted that Mark was son of Peregrine, Jr. Acting on this decision the Mayflower Society no longer accepts new members on this line.
Descendants of Mark White
1. MARK2 WHITE (MARK1) was born April 18, 1716 in Charlestown, Suffolk, MA., and died July 24, 1798 in Acton, Middlesex, MA.. He married (1) ANNA CHAMBERLAIN May 14, 1742 in Acton, Middlesex, MA.. She was born 1719 in Westford, Middlesex, MA, and died December 15, 1755 in Acton, Middlesex, MA.. He married (2) MARY REED December 01, 1757 in Acton, Middlesex, MA.. She was born 1733, and died March 1819 in Westford, Middlesex, MA.
Children of MARK WHITE and ANNA CHAMBERLAIN are:
i. STEPHEN3 WHITE, b. March 02, 1742/43, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. March 24, 1742/43, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
ii. SAMUEL WHITE, b. February 05, 1743/44, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. 1823; m. (1) DOROTHY BILLINGS, June 04, 1772, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. April 15, 1746, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. June 20, 1773; m. (2) HEPSIBAH BARRETT, May 23, 1775; b. October 03, 1750; d. 1803; m. (3) RACHEL ADAMS, 1804; d. August 24, 1829.
iii. ANNA WHITE, b. June 26, 1745, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. PAUL HAYWARD, July 14, 1768, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. April 02, 1745, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
iv. JOHN WHITE, b. October 12, 1746, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. June 04, 1747, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
v. MARY WHITE, b. March 30, 1748, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. March 07, 1835, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. JOHN HEALD, December 19, 1771, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. August 16, 1746, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. October 31, 1816, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
vi. JOHN WHITE, b. August 23, 1749, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. January 09, 1830, Concord, Middlesex, MA.; m. (1) ESTHER KETTLE, 1778; d. Bef. 1806; m. (2) DEBORAH HEYWOOD, 1806.
vii. EBENEZER WHITE, b. January 10, 1750/51, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. December 25, 1776, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. MARY HAYWARD, September 27, 1774, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
viii. REBECCA WHITE, b. September 24, 1752, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. February 23, 1813, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. DANIEL DAVIES, September 27, 1772, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. July 08, 1749, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. December 07, 1816, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
ix. ICHOBOD WHITE, b. September 24, 1754, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. October 08, 1754, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
x. MARAH WHITE, b. December 15, 1755, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. November 08, 1794; m. EBENEZER HEALD, September 02, 1779, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
Children of MARK WHITE and MARY REED are:
xi. RUTH3 WHITE, b. September 03, 1758, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. 1814; m. SAMUEL ADAMS, November 25, 1783, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. June 24, 1754, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
xii. DANIEL WHITE, b. April 10, 1760, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. June 04, 1841, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. MARY HUNT, January 01, 1784, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. July 16, 1762, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. April 02, 1845, Acton, Middlesex, MA..
xiii. SARAH WHITE, b. March 27, 1762, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. TIMOTHY PROCTOR, September 17, 1787, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; b. Littleton, Middlesex, MA..
xiv. OBEDIAH WHITE, b. April 21, 1764, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. December 01, 1819, Charlestown, Suffolk, MA..
xv. ABEL WHITE, b. September 23, 1766, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. July 22, 1825, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. RUTH PRESCOTT, 1803.
xvi. RHODA WHITE, b. September 19, 1769, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. 1848; m. ASA SPAULDING.
xvii. AARON WHITE, b. November 10, 1772, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; d. August 27, 1837, Springfield, VT.; m. MARY GRIFFIN, 1799.
xviii. MIRIAM WHITE, b. April 17, 1776, Acton, Middlesex, MA.; m. WILLIAM REED.
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