THE SHOCK!: War In Korea?

By J. Adams
June 19th, 1997


                           ***KOREA ALERT***

                               J. Adams
                            June 19th, 1997

                    The *Spirit Of Truth* WWW Page
                  http://www.ucc.uconn.edu/~jpa94001/

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                             FROM REUTERS:

            "N.Korea Issues Stern Warning to U.S., S.Korea"
                       Wednesday, June 18, 1997

        "At  this  moment  when  dark  clouds of war are rushing 
      toward our motherland and fighting is about to break  out, 
      our  revolutionary  armed forces cannot remain an onlooker 
      to the  situation,"  the  state-run  Korean  Central  News 
      Agency (KCNA) quoted the military spokesman as saying.  

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                             EXCERPT FROM:

                       U.S. News & World Report
                             June 20, 1994

                  "The most dangerous place on earth"

                By Joseph L. Galloway; Bruce B. Auster

      "Weather factors.  In summer,  late June or early July would 
    be  favored  because monsoon rains shroud Korea's mountains in 
    clouds and fog and impede the  vastly  superior  American  and 
    South  Korean  air forces.  In winter,  the best month to head 
    south would be January,  when the rivers and rice paddies  are 
    frozen  solid  and tanks and tracked vehicles can maneuver off 
    the roads south  and  north  of  the  Imjin  and  Han  rivers, 
    respectively." 

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            FROM: http://www.kimsoft.com/korea/eyewit3a.htm 

    May  15,  1950  -  US  CIA  reports:  "N  Korea suffers from a 
    shortage  of  skilled  administrative   personnel   and   from 
    weaknesses   in   its   economy   and   its   official   Party 
    organizations.  There is widespread, although passive, popular 
    discontent with the Communist government..."  

    May 30,  1950 - US CIA reports: "N Korean Army has 66,000  men 
    including  16,000  ex-Chinese  troops,  supplemented by 20,500 
    border guards,  1,500 airmen and  5,100  seamen  plus  60,000-
    70,000  Koreans  in  Chinese  Red  Army in reserve.  Equipment 
    include 65 T-34 tanks, 35 Yak-9 fighters and negligible navy."  
    US  CIA reports:  "Trained and equipped units of the Communist 
    'People's Army' are being deployed southward in  the  area  of 
    the 38th Parallel.".  CIA estimates are off by as much as 150% 
    on  the  low side.  This error enhances the US confidence that 
    the S Korean Army can repel any invasion from North.  

         ON JUNE 25TH, 1950, NORTH KOREA SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHED 
             A SURPRISE INVASION OF SOUTH KOREA, WHEN THE 
                  KOREAN MONSOONAL RAIN SEASON BEGAN.

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    The writing is and has been on the wall, but the West,  deluded by 
the insanity of greed, is dangerously illiterate.  "Blinded by greed", 
"decadent beyond sensibility",  "blissfully  arrogant  and  ignorant", 
"selfishly   irresponsible",   "collectively  incompetent",   "grossly 
reckless",  etc.  are terms that  will,  in  retrospect,  be  used  to 
describe  the behavior of our governments and our peoples as the third 
world war approached.  Yet,  for now,  as we enter into the  abyss  of 
worldwide  mass destruction,  the voices of reason and realism will be 
shunned, disgraced, insulted,  if not outright locked-up,  for telling 
the  truth  to a society that gleefully believed the lies and accepted 
the  false  peace  of  the  Enemy  and  thereby  brought  about  self-
destruction.  

    As the DJIA reaches new,  completely insane heights  (the  average 
closed  today at 7777),  the signs that war is soon going to erupt on, 
at the least, the Korean Peninsula, are overwhelming.  Yet, collective 
expectations in the West are as irrationally optimistic as ever.  

    Yet,  for those who have listened,  there is little doubt that any 
war will not be limited to Korea.  All of East Asia,  the Middle East, 
and the whole of the world is ready to explode.  Why?  The insanity of 
man's selfish, ungodly nature.  

    It is no coincidence that Alfred Nobel,  the father of  the  Nobel 
Peace Prize, was the inventor of dynamite and the high explosives that 
go into all modern-day conventional weaponry. (He decided to offer the 
award after a French newspaper prematurely printed  his  obituary  and 
referred to him as the "Merchant of Death" for making a fortune off of 
the  development  of weapons of war.) Man does not comprehend the true 
path to love and peace.  His heart is hell-bent on  a  path  to  self-
destruction by the irrationality of selfishness.  

    I'm not going to elaborate on the articles below,  for I've  grown 
sick  and tired of my futile efforts to save our suicidal species from 
it's course toward self-destruction.  The inevitable appears  as  near 
as ever and I feel like the last sane person in our mad, mad world. So 
be it....I guess I just don't care anymore...  

                         You might start here:

                    http://www.tv-u.com/china.html

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             "North Korea Steps up War of Words on South"
                       Thursday, June 19th, 1997

TOKYO (Reuter) - North Korea stepped up its war of words against South 
Korea on Thursday,  saying Seoul's recent amphibious war games were  a 
"kind of declaration of war." 

"This  war  exercise by the puppets (South Korea) is clearly a kind of 
declaration of war and  can  never  be  tolerated,"  said  the  Rodong 
Shinmun, mouthpiece of North Korea's ruling party.  

The  newspaper  commentary,  carried  on state-run Radio Pyongyang and 
monitored  by  Japan's  Radiopress  news  agency,   accused  Seoul  of 
dangerous provocation and said South Korea's amphibious war games were 
clearly directed against North Korea.  

Thursday's  commentary  followed  a  warning  from  North Korea's 1.1-
million strong military on Wednesday that the armed forces were  ready 
for a "final battle" with the United States and South Korea.  

In a rare statement, a North Korean military spokesman said the recent 
South  Korean amphibious exercises on islands near the North,  as well 
as other U.S.  exercises, showed that Seoul and Washington were set to 
strike while the famine-stricken North was weak.  

Thursday's  commentary  lambasted  South  Korea  once  again  over the 
exercises.  

"In the last decade  or  so,  South  Korea  has  camouflaged  invasion 
exercises as 'defensive maneuvers'," it said.  

"But  this  time,  the  (South  Korean  President) Kim Young-sam group 
openly declared that this was a war exercise to land on the beaches of 
our republic (North Korea)." 

The  Rodong  Shinmun  added:   "If  the  puppets  and  their  American 
imperialist  masters  provoke  an  aggressive war,  our people and the 
People's Army will reply with  a  hundred-fold,  thousand-fold  defeat 
against them." 

Following  Wednesday's  statement from the North Korean military,  the 
South Korean Defense Ministry denied stepping up military exercises.  

Seoul officials instead accused North Korea of trying to  justify  its 
huge military spending by whipping up war threats.  

North  Korea-watchers  in  Japan and South Korea have said Pyongyang's 
tough words were part of a long-term brinkmanship  strategy  aimed  at 
securing  closer  ties  with the United States and raising the North's 
international profile at the expense of rival South Korea.  

In New York,  North Korean delegates  have  been  holding  preliminary 
negotiations  at  the working level with their counterparts from South 
Korea and the United States in the run-up to  four-party  peace  talks 
which would also include China.  

The  proposed peace talks aim to achieve a permanent treaty to replace 
the fraying armistice that ended the 1950-53 Korean War.  

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            "N.Korea Issues Stern Warning to U.S., S.Korea"
                       Wednesday, June 18, 1997


TOKYO (Reuter) - North Korea Wednesday  warned  it  was  ready  for  a 
"final  battle"  with  the  United  States  and South Korea,  which it 
accused of preparing an attack while it was weakened by  a  dire  food 
shortage.  

The  threat,  issued in a rare public statement by a spokesman for the 
communist nation's powerful military,  used language that  was  strong 
even  by  the  strident  standards  of  North Korea's daily anti-South 
propaganda, analysts said.  

"At this moment when  dark  clouds  of  war  are  rushing  toward  our 
motherland and fighting is about to break out, our revolutionary armed 
forces  cannot  remain  an  onlooker  to the situation," the state-run 
Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) quoted  the  military  spokesman  as 
saying.  

"If the enemies try to test our will and military strength despite our 
repeated  warnings,  our  people's  army  will mobilize all potentials 
consolidated for scores of years and give vent to our people's pent-up 
grudges and wrath," said the spokesman.  

The spokesman said recent South  Korean  military  amphibious  landing 
exercises on islands near the North,  and other U.S.  exercises showed 
that Seoul and Washington were set to strike while the North was weak.  

"The enemies are thought to believe  it  is  high  time  they  made  a 
forestalling  attack since (North Korea) is temporarily suffering from 
repeated natural disasters and numerous soldiers of its  armed  forces 
are engaged in farming," the spokesman was quoted as saying by KCNA in 
a report monitored in Tokyo.  

Later  on  Wednesday,  the  South  Korean  military denied stepping up 
military exercises and Seoul officials accused North Korea  of  trying 
to justify its huge military spendings by whipping up war threats.  

"The  North also wants to divert public attention from its severe food 
shortage. The Stalinist regime needs a certain level of war threats to 
maintain political stability,"  a  unification  ministry  official  in 
Seoul told Reuters.  

North Korea watchers said the warning signaled Pyongyang's nervousness 
during  the  run-up  to the third anniversary of the death of national 
founder Kim Il-sung on July 8.  

Passage of the the anniversary is seen as clearing  the  way  for  his 
son,  Kim  Jong-il,  to  formally  take over power in the world's only 
remaining Stalinist state later this year.  

"North Korea, racked with tension ahead of the July 8 anniversary, has 
warned South Korea and the United States not to attack while  national 
strength is at a low ebb," said Noriyuki Suzuki,  a North Korea expert 
at Radiopress news agency.  

"The statement may also be a diplomatic tactic in advance of  four-way 
peace talks," he told Reuters.  

Washington  and Seoul are awaiting Pyongyang's response to their April 
1996 call for  four-nation  talks,  also  involving  China,  aimed  at 
working out a peace settlement to replace the armistice that ended the 
1950-53 Korean War.  

In  a  meeting  in  New  York in April,  famine-threatened North Korea 
agreed in principle to join  four-nation  peace  talks  but  made  its 
participation  conditional  on  large-scale  food aid and an easing of 
U.S. trade sanctions.  

North Korean  official  media  have  in  recent  days  lashed  out  at 
Washington's  decision  to  sell  South  Korea "Stinger" anti-aircraft 
missiles  and  launchers  and  attacked  a  Seoul  official  who  said 
Pyongyang  should  cut its massive military budget to buy food for its 
starving population.  

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                    BBC Summary of World Broadcasts 
                        June 19, 1997, Thursday

   "North's armed forces ministry issues statement on threat of war"

            Source: Central Broadcasting Station, Pyongyang
                     in Korean 2110 gmt 17 Jun 97

   The  North  Korean  Ministry  of the People's Armed Forces has said 
South Korea and the USA have now reached a state of preparedness for a 
pre-emptive strike against North Korea and the prospects for  dialogue 
are  dim.  In  a  press  statement,  referring to recent joint landing 
exercises by the two "enemies" , the ministry says:  "We can no longer 
overlook  the  fact  that this exercise is a landing exercise aimed at 
attack,  not at defence...  The landing exercise  by  the  enemies  is 
clearly part of an aggressive and offensive military exercise aimed at 
attacking us." The statement says South Korea and the USA seem to feel 
that  with  a  great  many  of North Korea's forces mobilized in rural 
areas helping with farming work this is the most favourable time for a 
pre-emptive strike.  Despite the fact that the  two  sides  "  babble" 
about  four-way  talks for peace and security on the Korean Peninsula, 
"our revolutionary forces cannot have expectations for  dialogue,  and 
can  by  no  means  be  onlookers  of the prevailing situation" .  The 
statement concludes that if "the trigger of aggression is pulled,  the 
trigger  of counterattack will also be pulled" .  The following is the 
announcer-read text of the press statement,  issued on 18th June by  a 
spokesman  of the Ministry of the People's Armed Forces,  broadcast by 
North Korean radio: 

   Regarding the enemies'very dangerous attempt to carry  out  a  pre-
emptive   strike   Korean:    sonje   konggyok   hagiwihan   choktului 
wihomchonmanhan kidoâ against our republic, and the fact that they are 
rapidly switching  over  to  the  stage  of  complete  actual  warfare 
wanjonhan  siljondangyeeroâ,  a  spokesman  of  the  Ministry  of  the 
People's  Armed  Forces  has  issued  the  following  press  statement 
tamhwaâ.  Press  statement  by  a  spokesman  of  the  Ministry of the 
People's Armed Forces: 

   A very dangerous attempt by the enemies to carry out a  pre-emptive 
strike  against  our  republic  has  rapidly changed from the stage of 
creating an atmosphere to a complete state of actual  warfare  punwigi 
chosong tangyerobuto wanjonhan siljondangyeeroâ.  

   On 17th June, the South Korean puppet navy and the USâ Marine Corps 
carried  out a joint landing exercise in the East Sea Sea of Japanâ of 
Korea,  mobilizing various combat vessels and large-scale forces,  and 
held a so-called test operation of its unified combat efficiency.  

   Prior  to this,  on 14th June units of the puppet Marine Corps used 
the rubber boat IBS komu botu ibiesâ and carried  out  in  a  frenzied 
manner  an actual surprise landing exercise,  calculating the distance 
from Paengnyong Island, situated in the West Sea Yellow Seaâ of Korea, 
to our side's coast.  

   The enemies are currently openly babbling that,  regardless of  the 
time  and place,  such exercises are aimed at enhancing the capability 
of carrying out landing exercises to land on the  enemy's  coast.  The 
enemies  are  even threatening and blackmailing us by saying they will 
retaliate against us, taking countermeasures by spreading rumours of a 
sea  of  fire  along  the  Military  Demarcation  Line,  and  even  by 
mobilizing  chemical  weapons  stored  in  South  Korea chio choktulun 
kunsabungyesonsangeso   uriedaehan   taeung   chochiwa    pulbadasolul 
ununhamyo  namjosone  pichukdoen  hwahakmugikkaji  tongwonhayo  urirul 
pobokhalgosirago wihyop konggalhae nasogoittaâ.  

   It is officially recognized military common sense  that  a  landing 
exercise  is an offensive exercise which deviates from the category of 
self-defence. We can no longer overlook the fact that this exercise is 
a landing exercise aimed at attack, not at defence.  

   It is all the more clear who this  current  offensive  exercise  is 
aimed  at.  The  landing exercise by the enemies is clearly part of an 
aggressive and offensive  military  exercise  aimed  at  attacking  us 
urirul  konggyok  mokpyoro  chonghan  chimnnyakchogimyo  konggyokchoin 
chontuhullyonui ilhwanidaâ.  

   As we have stated many times,  the fact that the United States  and 
the  South  Korean  puppets  have been trumpeting from early this year 
that someone might provoke a war  by  taking  advantage  of  the  food 
shortage  is  aimed  at creating the preliminary conditions for a pre-
emptive attack on our republic.  The enemy has finally determined that 
it  has  basically  finished  creating  the  environment  to carry out 
offensive    operations    chokdulun    machimnae     konggyokchakchon 
suhaengulwihan      hwangyongjosongi     kibonsang     mamuridoeottago 
tasanhagoittaâ.  

   We  have  scrupulously  observed   the   unusual   military   moves 
simsangchiannun  kunsachok  umjigimâ  by  the South Korean puppet army 
along the east and west coasts  of  Korea,  and  the  bustling  mobile 
exercise  pusansuroun kidong hullyonâ by the US imperialist aggressive 
forces which was held at the same time.  

   When the surprise landing exercise by the South Korean puppet  army 
against  our  side's  coast was being held in full swing on 14th June, 
the US imperialist aggressive forces also  deployed  the  13th  Marine 
Corps  flight  regiment command post from Japan's Iwakuni and from the 
west coast of the US mainland to South Korea's Osan  Air  Force  Base, 
and  separately carried out long-range non-landing flight exercises on 
the Iwakuni-Osan air route and the US mainland-Okinawa-Osan air route.  

   The aim of the US imperialists and South Korean puppets  is  clear. 
It  seems  the  enemies  feel  that  now,  when many of our forces are 
mobilized  on  the  socialist  agricultural  front  because   we   are 
experiencing  temporary difficulties due to repeated natural disasters 
and are guaranteeing this year's  farming  work,  is  truly  the  most 
favourable  opportunity  for  their pre-emptive strike sonje konggokâ. 
This is a wild fantasy.  

   In particular,  at a time when the domestic  political  crisis  has 
been   driven  into  a  corner  due  to  the  continued  incidence  of 
corruption,   including  the  Hanbo  scandal  and  the  issue  of  the 
presidential  campaign election fund,  the person who is the incumbent 
authority of South Korea namjoson hyon tangukchaâ is trying to find  a 
way  out  by aggravating a tense situation between the North and South 
through military confrontation.  

   Dialogue and war are not compatible.  On the surface,  they  babble 
about  the  four-way  talks  for  permanent  peace and security on the 
Korean Peninsula,  but behind-the-scenes  they  are  attacking  us  by 
wielding  a knife.  It is as clear as fire where the true intention of 
the enemies lies.  

   At this time,  when the dark clouds of war chonjaengui  komungurumâ 
are  blowing vigorously across our fatherland,  and when the lightning 
of close combat chopchonui pongaekpuliâ flashes before our  eyes,  our 
revolutionary forces cannot have expectations for dialogue, and can by 
no means be onlookers of the prevailing situation.  

   The  sacred  duty  of our People's Army is to guarantee firmly with 
force the security of the socialist  fatherland  and  people.  If  the 
United   States   and  the  South  Korean  authorities  want  military 
confrontation with us by all means,  then we will not refuse the final 
decisive battle chohuui kyolchonâ with them.  

   If   the   trigger   of  aggression  is  pulled,   the  trigger  of 
counterattack will also be pulled.  Our People's Army will observe the 
enemies'every move,  holding high the bayonet to annihilate the enemy, 
and will rapidly take corresponding measures.  

   If the enemies attempt to test our will and  military  strength  to 
the end,  regardless of our repeated warnings,  our People's Army will 
mobilize all our potential,  which has  been  strengthened  again  and 
again  during  the  past  scores  of years,  and will vent the pent-up 
grudge and anger of our people without fail.  

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                    BBC Summary of World Broadcasts
                       June  19, 1997, Thursday

            "South's newspaper gives details of North's war 
                  plan based on defector's statement"

   Source: Yonhap news agency, Seoul, in English 0139 gmt 18 Jun 97

         Text of report by the South Korean news agency Yonhap

   Seoul, 18th June: North Korea is known to have set up a war plan in 
which it will attack Japan in the event the United  States  intervenes 
in  a  war  on  the  Korean  Peninsula,  the daily 'Kyonghyang Sinmun' 
reported Wednesday as datelineâ.  Such a war strategy by the communist 
country  is  contained  in  a  confidential  document  prepared by the 
government on the basis of statements rendered by Hwang Chang-yop, the 
secretary of North Korea's ruling  Workers'  Party,  who  defected  to 
South Korea in April, the vernacular newspaper said.  

   The  document  quoted  Hwang as saying that Pyongyang has a plan to 
attack Japan,  given a US commitment to "an emergency  on  the  Korean 
peninsula"  .  A high-ranking Defence Ministry official said the North 
Korean war plan against Japan,  as revealed by Hwang,  had been tabled 
at a meeting of major army,  navy and air force commanders held on 7th 
June.  

   This revelation marks the first time that  North  Korea's  plan  to 
attack  Japan was made known here,  and the North Koreans,  concluding 
that the success of a new  war  on  the  Korean  Peninsula  hinges  on 
whether  or  not  the US government makes a military commitment,  must 
have made the attack plan against Japan to  prevent  US  intervention, 
the newspaper said.  

    North  Korea's strategy to attack Japan is far beyond the scope of 
military operations expected by Seoul,  Washington and  Tokyo  in  the 
initial days of a new war on the Korean Peninsula. Thus, how the three 
governments prepare for this scenario remains to be seen.  

   Seoul  and  Washington  assume  that  in  the event of a war on the 
Korean Peninsula,  North Korea would initially launch a massive attack 
on  US  military  personnel  and facilities in South Korea in order to 
deter the US government from making a military commitment.  

   A military source said  the  information  Washington  has  gathered 
suggests that North Korea has already deployed nine long-range Nodong-
1 missiles capable of hitting Japan.  A defence analyst said  that  if 
Secretary  Hwang's statements about North Korea's plan to attack Japan 
are found to be true,  it would greatly stir fears not only  in  Japan 
but  also  in the United States and would escalate the conflict on the 
Korean Peninsula  into  an  international  war.  The  plan,  if  true, 
indicates that North Korea regards war on the peninsula as a matter of 
life or death, he added.  

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                    BBC Summary of World Broadcasts
                        June  17, 1997, Tuesday

    "Defector Hwang Chang-yop comments on possible attack by North"

         Source: 'Tong-a Ilbo', Seoul, in Korean 12 Jun 97 p2

      Text of report by the South Korean newspaper 'Tong-a Ilbo'

   During  a  recent investigation by the Agency for National Security 
Planning,  Hwang Chang-yop,  former  secretary  of  the  North  Korean 
Workers'Party,  stated  it  is  highly  likely North Korea will make a 
surprise southward attack if the USA adopts an equal  distance  policy 
towards  South  and  North  Korea  as  a  result  of rapid progress in 
dialogue between the USA and North Korea.  

   According to a source,  Hwang stated:  "An  equal  distance  policy 
towards  South  and  North  Korea,  which the USA might adopt when US- 
North Korea dialogue progresses rapidly,  would eventually weaken  the 
US  military  deterrent  force,  and  in this case,  North Korea would 
highly likely be tempted to commit an armed provocation." 

   Hwang also reportedly said:  "We cannot rule out the possibility of 
an unexpected provocation by North Korea,  because, in addition to the 
North  Korean  army's   leftist   adventurism   and   Kim   Chong-il's 
unpredictable aptitude, the North is currently in a 'hopeless critical 
situation' due to worsening economic difficulties." 

   Meanwhile,  during  a  "Political  Forum on the Recent North Korean 
Situation" held at the Hall of Lawmakers on 11th  June,  Chong  Hyong-
kun,  chief  situation  analyst  of the ruling New Korea Party,  said: 
"There will be no military coup d'etat or unexpected incidents such as 
the collapse of the North Korean system because there is no problem in 
Kim Chong-il's leadership,  and because the system is being maintained 
by approximately 5.6m core forces composed of party cadres, officials, 
soldiers, and key personnel of the social and cultural sectors." 

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                    BBC Summary of World Broadcasts
                        June  13, 1997, Friday

"South's agency gives details of incident involving North's soldiers"

   Source: Yonhap news agency, Seoul, in English 0903 gmt 12 Jun 97

         Text of report by the South Korean news agency Yonhap

   Seoul,  12th  June:  North  Korean soldiers approached the Military 
Demarcation Line (MDL) on three occasions Wednesday 11th Juneâ, coming 
as close as 100 metres from the line,  the headquarters of  the  Joint 
Chiefs  of  Staff  reported.  In the first instance,  the headquarters 
said, a group of 10 unarmed and three armed North Korean soldiers came 
as close as 100 metres North of the MDL on the mideastern  front  line 
and  reconnoitred  between  0817 2317 gmt 10th Juneâ and 1200 0300 gmt 
11th Juneâ.  

   The South Korean side issued a warning that anyone crossing the MDL 
into the South would be held responsible for his actions. Another team 
of six unarmed and 13 armed North Korean soldiers also showed up  some 
100  metres  north  of  the  MDL on the western front between 0645 and 
1336, according to the headquarters. On the same day, 28 soldiers were 
spotted felling trees,  between 0830 and 1332,  near the northern side 
of the wire fence, it said.  

   North  Korean  broadcasts,  monitored  here  Thursday  12th  Juneâ, 
claimed that the South had openly threatened to turn North Korea  into 
a "sea of fire" in retaliation for the North Korean soldiers' scouting 
activities.  "If the South dares to make a challenge, then it will not 
be able to escape a thousand- ,  hundred-fold revenge  attack,"  North 
Korea said.  

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                            Financial Times
                         June 13, 1997, Friday 

                    "Seoul discounts North threat"

                        By John Burton in Seoul

    South  Korea's  unification  minister  yesterday played down fears 
that North Korea might be preparing a sudden  attack  in  a  desperate 
response to its threatened famine.  

   "There  is  not  any  special  development  in  North Korea that is 
related to aggression,  but morale training and military  preparations 
are  still  continuing,"  Mr  Kwon  O-kie  told  a government national 
security meeting.  

   He said that North Korea was adding long-range artillery along  the 
heavily-fortified  demilitarised  zone with South Korea,  while it was 
expanding its submarine and landing craft forces and developing  long-
range missiles.  

   Some military analysts and diplomats have recently warned that dire 
food shortages might compel North Korea to launch an attack in a last-
ditch  effort to seize South Korea before Pyongyang's war capabilities 
are severely weakened.  Predictions that the famine might result in  a 
mass  exodus  of refugees are unlikely "unless the North Korean system 
collapses," said Mr Kwon.  

   Mr Kwon claimed that the threatened famine is likely to be  averted 
since international donors have promised 800,000 tonnes of food, which 
should  be  sufficient to feed North Koreans until the next harvest in 
August.  The UN has disputed this assessment,  saying that North Korea 
needs at least 1.3m tonnes of grain.  

   Seoul  is  also  claiming that the North Korean army is withholding 
food supplies from the civilian  population,  while  it  is  receiving 
regular  amounts  of  rations  in  addition  to its "substantial" food 
reserves.  

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                        Japan Economic Newswire
                        JUNE 12, 1997, THURSDAY

         "Pyongyang blasts new Japan-U.S. defense guidelines"

    North Korea on Thursday blasted proposed new guidelines on  Japan-
U.S.  defense  cooperation  as  'an  aggression war scenario' targeted 
first at Pyongyang.  

   The guidelines described in an interim report released last weekend 
are 'an aggression war scenario which has been worked out  to  make  a 
forestalling  attack'  on  North  Korea first,  a North Korean Foreign 
Ministry spokesman said in a report monitored in Tokyo.  

   The report on the Korean Central News Agency quoted  the  spokesman 
as  describing  the  interim  report  as revealing 'the strategic U.S. 
purposes of using Japan as a shock brigade in  establishing  supremacy 
over  Asia with the policy of strength in disregard of the end of Cold 
War as well as the sinister intention of  Japan  to  realize  overseas 
expansion with the help of the United States.' 

   The  spokesman accused the U.S.  of seeking four-way talks with the 
two Koreas and China over peace on the Korean Peninsula while stepping 
up preparations for a military attack on its dialogue partner.  

   'The present objective situation requires us to be ready  for  both 
dialogue and war,' the spokesman was quoted as saying.  

   Referring  to  stalled  talks  between  Japan  and  North  Korea on 
normalizing diplomatic ties,  the spokesman insisted  that  Japan  has 
avoided  normalizing  bilateral  ties  because it 'intends to make its 
appearance again as a belligerent.' 

   'Our armed forces are fully ready to deliver a  prompt  and  severe 
counterblow to Japan in case it fully takes part in a war against us,' 
the spokesman said in the report.  

   The  proposed Japan-U.S.  defense cooperation guidelines would pave 
the way  for  Japan  to  provide  a  broad  range  of  logistical  and 
noncombatant  support  to the U.S.  military if an emergency occurs in 
areas 'surrounding Japan.' 

   Tokyo and Pyongyang began normalization talks in  early  1991,  but 
dialogue  broke  down  in  late 1992 when North Korea rejected Japan's 
demand for information about a Japanese woman  allegedly  abducted  by 
North Korean agents.  

   Japan, which had the Korean Peninsula under colonial rule from 1910 
to 1945,  normalized ties with South Korea in 1965 but has no official 
ties with the North.  

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                    BBC Summary of World Broadcasts
                       June  11, 1997, Wednesday

               "South's official: Kim Chong-il likely to 
                    'take full control next month'"

   Source: Yonhap news agency, Seoul, in English 0629 gmt 10 Jun 97

         Text of report by the South Korean news agency Yonhap

   Seoul,  10th June:  North Korea has recently ordered replacement of 
all  street  pictures  and  slogans related to late leader Kim Il-sung 
with those of his son, Kim Chong-il,  in a possible sign that the son-
heir   will   officially  take  full  control  next  month,   National 
Unification Minister Kwon O-ki said Tuesday as datelineâ.  

   "There does not seem to be any obstacle to Kim Chong-il  succeeding 
as  president  of  the state and secretary-general of the Nodong party 
Choson Nodong-dang - Korean Workers' Partyâ," Kwon said in a  briefing 
session to local government chiefs and Home Ministry officials.  

   "There  is  a possibility that Kim Chong-il will formally take over 
after 8th July," he said,  referring to the  date  when  the  official 
three-year mourning period for his father ends.  

   Kwon  said  public  agitation  and  socially deviant activities are 
increasing due to food shortages,  and the number  of  defectors  from 
North  Korea is expected to reach 100 by year-end.  There have been 46 
defectors so far.  

   "The North Korean system is under siege by  Kim  Chong-il  and  the 
political situation remains stable, rendering the possibility that the 
system  will  remain intact by force for quite a period of time," said 
Kwon.  "But there is also the possibility that the latent elements  of 
instability may explode," he said.  

    North  Korea stationed 65 per cent of its military forces south of 
the Pyongyang-Wonsan line,  all of whom are in a position to attack at 
a moment's notice, according to Kwon.  

   In  addition,  the  North has stationed 14 AN-2s and 20 assault air 
cushion vehicles on the frontline  last  year  and  has  deployed  140 
pieces  of  170mm  multiple  rocket  launchers at front-line batteries 
since 1995, he said.  

   It also has more than 100 aircraft stationed at  three  bases  near 
the  Military  Demarcation Line,  enabling them to attack Seoul in six 
minutes, the unification minister said.  

   Noting that national unification is now "a matter  of  reality  and 
preparedness" , Kwon said, "the government is drawing up plans by each 
category and making preparations,  and it must inevitably be ready for 
North Korea's sudden collapse" .  

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                         The Washington Times
                       June 11, 1997, Wednesday

                 "Is the North Korea threat genuine?"

                          By James T. Hackett

    Reports out of North Korea are increasingly  indicating  that  the 
society  is  on  the  verge  of  collapse  and  that Kim Jong-il,  who 
inherited the leadership from his father three years ago, is preparing 
to invade South Korea, believing that is the only way he can hold onto 
power.  

    The governments of the three countries most  directly  affected  - 
South Korea,  the United States and Japan - brush off the warnings  as 
just  more  propaganda.   But  evidence  keeps  mounting,   and  China 
apparently thinks war is a real possibility.  On May 30, the Hong Kong 
Morning Post reported that the Peoples Liberation Army is  planning  a 
major war game in July to test the ability of its combat units to cope 
with any overspill from a conflict on the Korean Peninsula.  

    The  February  defection  of  Hwang Jang-yop,  the highest ranking 
North Korean official ever to defect, was considered a tremendous gain 
for Western intelligence agencies trying to predict  the  behavior  of 
the  secretive North Korean regime.  But now that Mr.  Hwang is saying 
things the administration does not want  to  hear,  his  warnings  are 
being played down.  

    Mr.  Hwang  says Kim Jong-il is in firm control,  that he believes 
North Korea has both nuclear and high-grade chemical weapons,  and  if 
those  weapons  are  used  South  Korea  will be turned "into a sea of 
flames." And if the United States  intervenes,  Mr.  Hwang  adds,  the 
North will use ballistic missiles with nuclear and chemical weapons to 
"scorch  Japan,  too,"  and will send suicide attacks against the U.S.  
Navy.  

    Underlining Mr.  Hwang's comments,  the CIA  has  confirmed  North 
Korea's  deployment  of  10  new  Nodong  ballistic  missiles.  If the 
Nodong's estimated range of 1,300 km is correct,  it could target most 
of Japan, including Tokyo and U.S.  bases.  Critics dismiss the Nodong 
as not very accurate, but that hardly matters if it carries nuclear or 
chemical weapons.  

    In  a  May  9  appearance before the Intelligence Committee of the 
South Korean National Assembly,  Kwon  Young-hae,  director  of  South 
Korea's  National  Security Planning Agency,  reported that Mr.  Hwang 
said Kim Jong-il sees war as the only way out of his troubles  and  is 
convinced his army can win a quick military victory.  

    In  late May a boatload of refugees fled to South Korea,  bringing 
reports that the North is mobilizing for war and has extended military 
enlistments.  The ship's engineer,  Kim Won-hyung,  said  rumors  were 
widespread  that  Kim Jong-il is preparing to attack the South between 
July and October,  after the three-year period of  mourning  following 
his father's death on July 8, 1994.  

    The North's strategy is to infiltrate 100,000 commandos to destroy 
air  bases and other priority targets,  then conduct a huge barrage by 
10,000 artillery pieces and  rockets  along  the  demilitarized  zone, 
while sending several hundred Scuds carrying chemical weapons into the 
South.  Finally, a blitzkrieg (as in 1950) would quickly destroy South 
Korean forces.  

    The  isolated  North Korean military commanders may really believe 
this,  yet reports of an imminent  invasion  are  being  treated  with 
skepticism.  The  North  has  made threats so often they no longer are 
believed.  It is assumed that the impoverished North, demanding large-
scale food aid, is merely trying to gain concessions.  And the threats 
may also be for internal  consumption,  to  focus  the  anger  of  the 
starving people on foreign enemies.  

    But  if  the  goal  is  to blackmail the West into propping up Kim 
Jong-il's regime,  it appears to be working.  South Korea has promised 
to send 50,000 tons of food, the United States already has sent 27,000 
tons,  with  50,000  tons  more on the way in addition to shipments of 
fuel oil, despite reports that the people are getting none of it.  

    The consensus is that Mr.  Kim is bluffing.  But  what  if  he  is 
not?  No  one expected Japan to bomb Pearl Harbor in 1941,  or for Mr.  
Kim's father to invade South Korea in 1950.  If Kim  Jong-il  believes 
war  is  the  only  way  to hold onto power,  he may well launch a new 
invasion.  After  years  of  concessions  by  President  Clinton,  the 
reclusive  North  Korean  leadership  could convince itself the United 
States will not fight again in Korea.  

    Those of us who remember the 1950 invasion and the trauma of three 
years of war  and  164,000  American  casualties  suffer  a  sense  of 
foreboding.  As  the  July  anniversary  of  the  Great Leader's death 
approaches,  it may  be  wise  to  show  some  teeth  in  addition  to 
generosity.  After all,  aggressors are deterred by military strength, 
not appeasement.  

    Last year,  when China was launching missiles toward  Taiwan,  the 
despatch  of  carrier task forces to the region had a sobering effect.  
The quiet deployment of a carrier task force to Korean waters and  the 
assignment  of  a  squadron  of B-1 bombers to Guam,  noting that each 
plane can deliver 120,000  pounds  of  bombs,  could  have  a  similar 
effect.  

    It  also would be useful to make a public display of deploying the 
newest model Patriot missile interceptors around Tokyo and Seoul,  and 
to  announce  plans  to  add  longer-range  interceptors when they are 
available.  A show of toughness toward the Stalinists in Pyongyang  is 
long overdue.  

    James T.  Hackett is a contributing writer to The Washington Times 
based in San Diego.  

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                    BBC Summary of World Broadcasts
                         May 23, 1997, Friday

            "Defectors to South speak of 'rumours of war', 
                     military personnel policies"

   Source: Yonhap news agency, Seoul, in English 0310 gmt 22 May 97

   Text  of  report  entitled:  "Rumours  of war breaking out in July-
October period spreading in North Korea" , carried by the South Korean 
news agency Yonhap 

   Seoul,  22nd May:  Rumours of a war breaking out between  June  and 
October  are  spreading among the North Korean people,  a recent North 
Korean defector said in a  press  conference  Thursday  as  datelineâ. 
Despite severe food shortages,  North Korea recently extended enlisted 
service for soldiers in the people's armed forces.  It has also  begun 
to  draft  even those teenagers (17 and 18-years-old) of non-communist 
and non-proletarian backgrounds, previously excluded from the military 
service, to strengthen the North's fighting force, said Kim Won-hyong. 
The 57-year-old defector arrived by boat Tuesday last week 13th  Mayâ, 
sailing  directly  from  Sinuiju  on  the  lower Amnok (Yalu) River to 
Inchon Port with 13 members of his family and the family of his friend 
An Son-kuk, 47.  

   They were the first known North Korean boat  people  to  have  ever 
taken a direct path of defection to the South via the sea.  

   Kim  said  rumours  have  been spreading since the beginning of the 
year that Kim Chong-il,  upon rising to power  immediately  after  the 
third  anniversary  of  his  father's death,  will probably attack the 
South between July and October. In October last year, the North Korean 
People's Armed Forces extended the military service of  draftees  from 
10 years to 13 years, sparking complaints among the draftees that they 
would  now  be discharged from active military service when they reach 
the age of 30.  

   Kim's son, Hui-kun, 29, who worked as a high school physics teacher 
in Sinuiju,  said in 1994 that the People's Army began drafting people 
22 years old and younger of "dubious" family backgrounds. He also said 
that starting from this year, the army started to conscript even those 
people blacklisted for their dubious loyalty to the regime.  Hui-kun's 
wife, So Chong-sim, 25,  said that during the month of March,  medical 
doctors  and  nurses  underwent  a  week-long  first-aid  exercise  in 
preparations for a war in Kangwon Province.  

   An Son-kukâ talked about "a comprehensive military  drill"  between 
10th-31st March in which the party, security agencies and the military 
all  took part.  The drill was conducted on Kim Chong-il's orders as a 
final test of war readiness,  including defensive exercises against  a 
US attack,  rear attack by combat forces and support forces by reserve 
units. The North Korean military bars all young officers from marrying 
until after age  30  because  married  soldiers  with  families  "lose 
bravery" and often have been found stealing food and clothes, An said, 
adding  all  married  officers  will  be forcibly retired in July.  He 
further described an enforced border control  with  31  new  brigades, 
about  the  size  of seven battalions,  dispatched to border patrol to 
prevent North Koreans' escape.  The 11 brigades that  were  patrolling 
the  border  and  coasts were put in charge of coastal monitors at the 
end of 1994, an said.  

    Defector Kim Won-hyong said that military forces of battalion size 
reside at every farm in Sinuiju,  also under orders from Kim Chong-il, 
to  watch  over  farmers  and the cultivation process to guard against 
increasing theft by farmers, brokers and delivery men of food and even 
grain seeds.  

   Kim Won-hyong's son,  Hui-song,  said North Korean citizens who are 
not  rationed  food aid from other countries believe all of the aid is 
going into military stockpiles,  adding:  "Some  people  believe  that 
(other  countries)  are  helping  Kim  Chong-il  for fear of the North 
Korean military." 

   North Koreans are using opium powder as a first-aid drug due  to  a 
lack of medicine,  some defectors revealed.  They also told of growing 
discontent against Kim  Chong-il  because  of  the  nation's  economic 
plight  that  has  led  to frequent public executions to suppress such 
dissent.  

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                           THE KOREA HERALD
                             May 23, 1997

              "Defector Says Rumors of War Rife in North; 
              Tells of Widespread Speculation Kim Jong-il 
                Will Attack South Between July-October"

    A rumor is spreading in North Korea that the North will attack the 
South in the very near future, a defector said yesterday.  

    Kim Won-hyung,  one of 14 members of two North Korean families who 
defected  on  a boat through the West Sea May 13 following a three-day 
saga,  made the point at a news conference held  at  the  Korea  Press 
Center in Seoul.  

    There's  a  widespread  rumor  in  the  North that Kim Jong-il may 
launch an attack on the South after he officially succeeds his father, 
who died in July 1994,  and that the timing would be between July  and 
October,'' Kim said.  

    He also said that North Korea has extended the compulsory military 
service for conscripts from 10 to 13 years last October.  

    So  young  men are complaining that they have to spend their youth 
in the military before they are discharged at age 30,'' said Kim,  who 
was a foreign-exchange earner assigned to a military unit.  

    Kim  said  the government ration has been dropped to 10 kg of rice 
per month since 1994, and added that he heard of a couple of villagers 
who died of hunger in Shinuiju, his hometown.  

    Shortage of medicine in the Stalinist North has led to  widespread 
use of opium as a cure-all, Kim added.  

    As  far  as his family was concerned,  Kim said they didn't suffer 
from hunger as much as other  North  Korean  citizens  thanks  to  the 
financial  help of his twin brother living in New York,  Kim In-hyung, 
who has been sending money since 1990.  

    Another defector, Ahn Sun-kook, 47, said the North Korean military 
had imposed a marriage ban on officers until they turn 30. The ban was 
imposed because married soldiers were thought to fear for their  lives 
during  combat  more  than single men and pilfer food and clothes from 
the military for their family, Ahn said.  

    Ahn,  also a foreign-exchange  earner  assigned  to  the  National 
Academy of Science,  said North Korea had created Brigade 31'' to step 
up  border  checks  in  northern  areas  bordering  China  because  an 
increasing number of North Koreans were fleeing in search of food.  

    Due  to  the  food shortage,  an increasing number of North Korean 
people have begun to complain about  their  leader  Kim  Jong-il,  but 
there is no organized dissident or antigovernment movement as it would 
mean death for them, he said.  

    Kim Hee-sung,  20,  the third son of Kim Won-hyung, said the North 
Korean people believed that most of foreign food aid,  after  arriving 
in  the  North,  went  to the military as only few ordinary people had 
received food aid.  

    Before the news conference, Kim, in a tearful family reunion after 
46 years, met his 83-year-old mother,  Cha Soon-duk,  and twin brother 
In-hyung, who arrived in Seoul earlier in the morning from New York.  

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                          The Washington Post
                         May 09, 1997,  Friday

                             EXCERPT FROM:

         "N. Koreans' 'Paradise'; Men Forced to Work in Russia 
             Endure Labor Camps -- but at Least They Eat"

                            By Mary Jordan


         "The  man (a Russian-trained North Korean operative sent 
      to communicate with a Western  reporter)  also  said  there 
      were  rumors  in North Korea that the government planned to 
      launch a war against South  Korea  in  June  or  July,  and 
      people were digging tunnels and shelters to prepare."  


   When  an  American  reporter  tried  to  speak  to the North Korean 
construction workers remodeling the once glorious Golden Horn Hotel in 
the city center, those working on the $ 500,000 home of a "newly rich" 
Russian -- the common euphemism for "mobster" -- and those  plastering 
at a run-down suburban apartment complex, frightened looks crossed the 
workers'  faces.  Some disappeared in a flash.  Others quickly fetched 
their supervisor,  who wore a dark green uniform and a Kim Il Sung pin 
and shooed away the outsider.  

   "No  Americans!  You  will  never  know  anything  about  us!"  the 
supervisor shouted. Said another: "I am not free to say whether I like 
it or not; I am here working for my government." 

   Choi,  the worker approached in a vegetable field outside of  town, 
was  unusually  friendly,  thanking  the  United States for its recent 
contributions of food  aid  to  North  Korea.  But  he  also  declared 
loyally  that  while his country has some problems,  "we do believe we 
can solve our problems ourselves." 

   Inside his house,  where a dozen other North Koreans lived,  a huge 
sign  in  Korean  read:  "We are following our Great Leader's legacy." 
There was little else in the shack, except tiny cots on a dirt floor.  

   In clandestine meetings with other  North  Korean  workers,  a  few 
guardedly told of the horrors at home and difficulties here.  One man, 
a construction worker who came from North Korea two  weeks  ago,  said 
many children were dying.  He said hearses made regular swings through 
towns, stopping at every home to see if there were bodies to be picked 
up.  

   The man also said  there  were  rumors  in  North  Korea  that  the 
government  planned  to  launch  a  war against South Korea in June or 
July, and people were digging tunnels and shelters to prepare.  He was 
unsure if the rumors were a government tactic to channel the unrest of 
hungry people, or a real sign of war preparations.  

   The man said he traveled from Russia to Pyongyang, the North Korean 
capital,  by train in January.  Along the way,  he said,  he saw small 
children crowded into every  station,  their  hands  out  begging  for 
scraps  of food.  He said it is easy to tell the government elite from 
most other people because the well-connected are not as thin and sick.  

   "It is not a place for human beings," another man wrote  last  week 
in a letter he left with a Russian acquaintance.  He said he hoped the 
letter would reach "the real world" and perhaps be broadcast on  South 
Korean television.  

   In  the letter,  delivered to a Washington Post reporter here,  the 
man said it would  be  impossible  for  outsiders  to  understand  the 
anxiety  he  feels  knowing  that  he  could be jailed or executed for 
saying anything bad about Kim Il Sung or Kim Jong Il.  He said he  was 
forbidden  to tell anyone at home that conditions in Russia are better 
than in the North.  Even when he tried to tell his parents,  he  said, 
"40 years of brainwashing" made it impossible for them to believe it.  

----------------------------------------------------------------------

            FROM: http://www.kimsoft.com/korea/eyewit3a.htm 

May  15,  1950  - US CIA reports:  "N Korea suffers from a shortage of 
skilled administrative personnel and from weaknesses  in  its  economy 
and  its official Party organizations.  There is widespread,  although 
passive, popular discontent with the Communist government...  

May 30, 1950 - US CIA reports:  N Korean Army has 66,000 men including 
16,000 ex-Chinese troops, supplemented by 20,500 border guards,  1,500 
airmen and 5,100 seamen plus 60,000-70,000 Koreans in Chinese Red Army 
in  reserve.  Equipment  include 65 T-34 tanks,  35 Yak-9 fighters and 
negligible navy.  US CIA reports:  "Trained and equipped units of  the 
Communist  "People's Army" are being deployed southward in the area of 
the 38th Parallel.".  CIA estimates are off by as much as 150% on  the 
low side. This error enhances the US confidence that the S Korean Army 
can repel any invasion from North.  

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