Historical Statistics on U.S. Banking

No particular source for this variable

Includes the territories of Alaska and Hawaii, and the District of Columbia. State abbreviations are the standard two-letter U.S. Postal Service abbreviations.

No particular source for this variable

All data are reported on a calendar year basis.

U.S. Census, as reported in Microsoft Bookshelf 1994 Almanac

Decennial figures (e. g., 1900, 1910, etc.) are the standard census enumerations. There are very few state-level enumerations between the decennial censuses for most of the pre-WWII period. For the intercensus years, the state population is a simple log-linear interpolation, based on the two census enumerations that bracket the year. For example, if the population of state S in year Y is denoted P(S,Y), then the population of Alabama in 1917 is gotten by P(AL,1917) = P(AL,1910)exp(7r), where the growth rate, r (assumed to be constant over the decade), is calculated as r = [ln(P(AL,1920)) - ln(P(AL,1910))]/10. Each state and each decade is thus assumed to be independent. For states with low growth rates, the log-linear interpolation approximates a linear interpolation. The constant growth rate assumption may have at least two shortcomings: (a) it can produce kinks in the time series at the start of a new decade; and (b) it fails to account for large and abrupt demographic factors, such as changes in immigration policy or the influenza epidemic of 1918.

Easterlin [get title???] (triannual average state personal income estimates for the period 1919-21); Historical Statistics of the United States (annual national personal income); Standard Statistics Co., Statistical Bulletin -- Base Book section (see item 90, A_DEBITS, below); U.S. Census (annual state population estimates; see item 3, POPULA, above); Survey of Current Business, 1956 supplement, p. 142 (annual state per capita personal income estimates for 1929-32).

This series is largely an interpolation, as direct annual measures of state income (however defined) are not available on an annual basis for most of this period. Personal income was chosen, simply because some data were available as a starting point for interpolation.

For 1920-30, the interpolation exploits the availability of the bank debits series, under the maintained assumption that the ratio of personal income to the bank debits index is a constant over time within a given state: G(t+T)=aI(t+T), where G(t) is income and I(t) is the debits index for year t. Under this assumption, it is straightforward to forecast from Easterlin's estimate: a = 3{[G(1919) + G(1920) + G(1921)]/3} / [I(1919) + I(1920) + I(1921)], where the factor in curly braces is Easterlin's estimate. Similarly, a rearcast was constructed from the end-of-the-decade numbers (population times per capita personal income). For the rearcast, a biannual average for the 1930-31 period was constructed for each state (a la Easterlin), to reduce the idiosyncratic effects of a specific year. Both the annual forecasts and rearcasts were then rescaled, so that the sum across states for a given year equaled the national total for personal income, as reported in the Survey of Current Business (1956). Finally, the rescaled forecasts, GF(t), and rearcasts, GR(t), were combined in a weighted average for each year: G*(t) = b(t)GF(t) + [1-b(t)]GR(t), where b(t) declines linearly from b(1920)=1 to b(1930)=0. Because the interpolations depend on the A_DEBITS series, the caveats that apply to Vermont and Mississippi for that series carry over here. Also, values of the bank debits index are unavailable for 8 other states in 1919 (AZ, ME, ND, NH, NJ, SD, WV and WY, plus MS and VT). For those states, the estimate of the proportionality factor, a, used in the forecasts is: a = 2{[G(1920) + G(1921)]/2}/[I(1920) + I(1921)], where Easterlin's triennial average is used as a proxy for the biannual average in the numerator.

For 1931-32, the estimate comes directly from the per capita income figures (population times annual statewide per capita income), rescaled so that the state totals add up to the national total as reported in the Survey of Current Business (1956).

Not yet available

Not yet available

All Bank Statistics

From 1939 onward, real estate loans reported in All Bank Statistics are broken down into three subcategories (farm, residential and other). For this later period, total real estate loans are calculated as the sum of the three reported subcategories.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics did not report this series prior to 1939.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics did not report this series prior to 1939.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics did not report this series prior to 1939.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics reports series on the securities holdings of banks, including U.S. Gov't securities and State and local obligations. The series reported here is backed out by calculating the difference between items 15 and 18: N_GOVTSEC = N_TOTINV - N_OTHSEC. Separate numbers for a) U.S. Gov't and b) State and local securities are available in All Bank Statistics, but were not input here.

All Bank Statistics

From 1939 onward, real estate loans reported in All Bank Statistics are broken down into three subcategories (farm, residential and other). For this later period, total real estate loans are calculated as the sum of the three reported subcategories.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics did not report this series prior to 1939.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics did not report this series prior to 1939.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics did not report this series prior to 1939.

All Bank Statistics

All Bank Statistics reports series on the securities holdings of banks, including U.S. Gov't securities and State and local obligations. The series reported here is backed out by calculating the difference between items 39 and 41: A_GOVTSEC = A_TOTINV - A_OTHSEC. Separate numbers for a) U.S. Gov't and b) State and local securities are available in All Bank Statistics, but were not input here.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

Note that for 1927 only, there is an additional category, "Interest not classified".

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

This series is available only after 1926. It, together with N_INTDINV (item 59) and N_INTIBK (item 60) is a component of N_INTD (item 57).

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

This series is available only after 1926. It, together with N_INTDLN (item 58) and N_INTIBK (item 60) is a component of N_INTD (item 57).

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

This series is available only after 1926. It, together with N_INTDLN (item 58) and N_INTDINV (item 59) is a component of N_INTD (item 57).

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR; prior to 1907, the fiscal year ended on August 31. Therefore, 1907 figures are for the 10 months ending June 30, 1907. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

Note that for 1927 only, there is an additional category, "Interest not classified".

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

This series is available only after 1926. It, together with N_INTDD (item 72) and N_INTTD (item 73), is a component of N_INTDEP (item 70).

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

This series is available only after 1926. It, together with N_INTBKD (item 71) and N_INTTD (item 73), is a component of N_INTDEP (item 70).

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

This series is available only after 1926. It, together with N_INTBKD (item 71) and N_INTDD (item 72), is a component of N_INTDEP (item 70).

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR; prior to 1907, the fiscal year ended on August 31. Therefore, 1907 figures are for the 10 months ending June 30, 1907. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars. For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

This series is reported by the Comptroller only for the period 1924-1927.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR; prior to 1907, the fiscal year ended on August 31. Therefore, 1907 figures are for the 10 months ending June 30, 1907. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars. For this series, the column headings in the Comptroller's reports are as follows:

Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency

Income statement data are for the fiscal year. After 1906, the fiscal year was the 12 months ending June 30 of YEAR; prior to 1907, the fiscal year ended on August 31. Therefore, 1907 figures are for the 10 months ending June 30, 1907. Data are in measured in thousands of dollars.

Banking and Monetary Statistics

Data are available in Banking and Monetary Statistics only for the years 1921-1941. Numbers for other years may be available elsewhere, for example in the Annual Reports of the Comptroller of the Currency.

Banking and Monetary Statistics

Data are aggregates for all commercial banks, including national banks. Data are available in Banking and Monetary Statistics only for the years 1921-1941.

E. Goldenweiser, "Bank Suspensions in the United States," Federal Reserve Board, typescript, 1933, appendix, table VI.

Amounts are in $1,000s. Goldenweiser does not explicitly note the source of these data in his table VI, but in notes to his table I he mentions schedules prepared by both the Committee on Branch, Chain, and Group Banking, and by the Federal Reserve Board. In his words, "suspension" as used by both the Board and the Committee is defined as "... all banks closed to the public either temporarily or permanently by supervisory authorities or by boards of directors on account of financial difficulties. The figures do not include banks closed temporarily under special 'moratorium' holidays declared by civil authorities, nor banks which, without cessation of business, obtained depositors' agreements for the waiver or deferment of deposits."

E. Goldenweiser, "Bank Suspensions in the United States," Federal Reserve Board, typescript, 1933, appendix, table VI.

Amounts are in $1,000s. Goldenweiser does not explicitly note the source of these data in his table VI, but in notes to his table I he mentions schedules prepared by both the Committee on Branch, Chain, and Group Banking, and by the Federal Reserve Board. In his words, "suspension" as used by both the Board and the Committee is defined as "... all banks closed to the public either temporarily or permanently by supervisory authorities or by boards of directors on account of financial difficulties. The figures do not include banks closed temporarily under special 'moratorium' holidays declared by civil authorities, nor banks which, without cessation of business, obtained depositors' agreements for the waiver or deferment of deposits."

Standard Statistics Co., Statistical Bulletin -- Base Book section

Data are total bank debits for each state for each year, useful as a proxy measure of annual nominal state income (see item 4, INCOME, above). It is unclear whether the year is the fiscal or calendar year (if anyone knows, please drop me a line!). Debits are stated as an index, relative to a base period index for each state: 1920-1924 = 100. Standard Statistics split the data for NY into two series, one for New York City, and the other for the rest of the state; the upstate series is reported here.

Data are missing altogether for AK, DC, HA and VT. Data are missing for 1919-21 for MS. For VT, the index was approximated each year as the simple average of the index values for the three neighboring states (MA, NH and NY). For MS, the 1919-21 values were set equal to the AL values for those years, since AL is the neighboring state whose values most closely match MS's in the remainder of the sample. 1919 data are missing for 10 states (AZ, ME, ND, NH, NJ, SD, WV and WY, plus MS and VT).